Informative – PickyTop

Top 10 Most Densely Populated Cities in the World

16/05/202013/05/2020 by PickyTop

In the last years, there have been mass migration movements from rural to urban areas around the world to find jobs and opportunities for business.
In the last couple of years, there has been a steady increase in the population of metropolitan cities worldwide.
Here are the top 10 most densely populated cities:

10. New York City

New York City has 8.6 million inhabitants in an area just a little over 300 square miles!
We didn’t even count the estimated 61.8 million tourists visiting the world’s financial capital each year.
New York City’s population density is much higher than most metropolitan areas in the United States.
The population density of Manhattan alone (69,468 people a mile) also sweeps through other packed locations worldwide.

Why is New York so populated?
New York is one of the few places inhabitants in the last few years where people can find white-collar jobs quickly.
If you are a Philly stockbroker and your company is going into it, your other work options are scarce.
But if you move to NYC and there are many more job opportunities in financial services, health care, professional services, retail, educational services, arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media industry.
Speaking about housing,
NYC was always about real estate. In Manhattan, an acre lot could possibly hold dozens of households and hundreds of companies, so owning property was much more a path to wealth (or status of wealth).
As for crowding, this is less related to NY than to economics in the last 40 years.
For a city of eight million as foreseen in the late 19th century, the infrastructure development parts which define New York City, such as the subway and bus system were designed and constructed.

9. Alexandria

Alexandria is the second-largest city in Egypt by population and one of the most important economic centers of the country.
According to various estimates, Alexandria has a population of 5,280,664 in 2020.
In 1950, as per official census reports, there were 1,037,462 people in Alexandria. Since 2015, Alexandria has grown to 491,302, an annual change of 1.97%.

Speaking about its history,
Alexander the Great was believed to have founded the town of Alexandria in 331 BC.
It was a major cultural and intellectual center during ancient times.
Because of its important role as the economic center of Egypt, the city of Alexandria has grown significantly throughout the years.
Also known as a laid back culture, the city has become attractive to immigrants.
Many reports project the population to continue to grow because of the city’s culture, history, and commerce, with 5 million people living across the horizon at the next milestone.

8. Bogota

Bogotá is Colombia’s capital and the biggest city by both population and area.
Tourist attractions,
Bogotá is a city of contrasts and offers its visitors a unique experience.
Get ready to find a hectic balance of the old and the new and a combination of a peaceful and frenzied atmosphere.
Find century-old squares and churches shaded by tall skyscrapers. Find peaceful bicycle routes, tree-lined through avenues of wild traffic.
Population growth,
Bogota is among the major financial centers in South America for official business transactions, ranging from internationally recognized corporations to regional offices for multinationals.

7. Surat

Surat is the oldest and primary financial center in the state of Gujarat India (also known as Surat city).
Why Surat is famous?
Today, Surat has earned the reputation of the country’s major industrial and commercial hub.
Because of its strategic position, we also know the place as India‘s West Gateway.
Surat is the primary industrial hub for the most extensive diamond cutting and polishing plants in the world.
The city is home to over 5,000 diamond production plants, including the most advanced diamond cutting plants.
Surat is popularly known as the diamond city of the world.
The Surat SEZ has over 100 listed companies and is quickly becoming a major manufacturing hub for jewelry.

6. Manila

The idea of reaching a living city with urban planning and design sounds pretty much like a pie to the sky to those who live in the Dystopian world of Metro Manila.
Manila is the capital city of Philippines.
It is a highly urbanized city and a part of Metropolitan Manila.
National Capital Region (NCR) comprises City of Manila (capital of country), Caloocan, Malabon, Navotas, Valenzuela, Quezon City, Marikina, Pasig, Taguig, Makati, Mandaluyong, San Juan, Pasay, Parañaque, Las Piñas, and Muntinlupa.
Manila is the most densely populated city in the world if we consider the capital city alone.

Why is Manila so densely populated?
Manila or Metro Manila (MM) are so populated in general because people from the provinces have migrated to seek opportunities.
It’s because there are many opportunities as compared to rural agricultural areas.
Most migrants are from other minor cities and rural provinces.
The rural migrants then preferred to stay in the city, stay well, build a family, and continue their way of life instead of going home to their hometowns.

5. Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad is the largest city in Gujarat and one of the primary business hubs in Western India.
Ahmedabad was the third fastest-growing city of the decade, according to Forbes in 2010.
The estimated gross national product of Ahmedabad as of 2017 stood at $68 billion.
In July 2017 it was declared as India’s first UNESCO World Heritage City to be the historic city of Ahmedabad or Old Ahmedabad.
In recent years, Ahmedabad has emerged as an important business and industrial hub in India.
Being a globalized city, it is India’s second-largest cotton producer and the country’s second-largest stock exchange.
Nowadays, the city is excellent for the production of medicinal products and detergents.
A booming economy and disposable income drove the boom in the megacity of Ahmedabad.
The textile industry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Detergent Industry, Major industrial corporations attract the workforce not just across the state but throughout the country.

4. Kinshasa

Kinshasa is the capital of the Democratic Republic of Congo and also the largest city.
The city is located on the bank of the Congo River.
Kinshasa is once a fishing and trading location with an estimated population of over 11 million. Kinshasa now represents one megacity.
Why is Kinshasa crowded?
In 1920, Kinshasa’s population was only 20,000. By 1940 it had around 450,000 inhabitants.
It is currently likely to be the second-largest city in Africa with 75 million people within 50 years and is currently 12 million.
It’s a dysfunctional megalopolis on Western standards, surrounded by vast settlements of informal villages with no existing and/or collapsing infrastructure.

3. Hong Kong

Hong Kong’s urban area has the highest population and working population in the world.
Measurement of population densities at the block level can be over 400,000 per square kilometer.
Hong Kong has around eight million residents.
You feel that a large majority of those eight million people are hanging out if they visited Mong Kok District in Hong Kong.
It is an understatement to call the district busy. ‘Mong Kok’ literally means “busy corner” in the local Cantonese language.
In fact, with an average of 130,000 living in each square kilometer, Mong Kok district of Hong Kong is the most populous area on earth, according to the Guinness World Records.
Hong Kong’s high real estate prices are also one of the contributing factors.
Those with low and medium incomes, and even some with high incomes, can live only in high-rise buildings.
Hong Kong is still a liveable city compared to other major cities throughout the world despite its very high density.

2. Mumbai

The environmental status report has demonstrated that over 33,000 people live on per sq kilometers of land in the city.
Mumbai continues to be the world’s top three most densely populated cities.
By 2041 many reports estimate it that the population in the city will be 17.24 million.
The estimated population of the city is 12.73 million, according to the data from the city department of health.
It has a population density of over 30,000 people per sq km (no development area excluded).
The addition of 404 million urban residents to India is anticipated by 2050.
This explosion in urban development leads to informal urban settlements and slums.
Dharavi is one of them allegedly, has 2,00,000 people per square kilometer density.

Why is Mumbai so populated?
Around 24.5 million people live in the Greater Mumbai Metropolitan Area – the “Suburban District of Mumbai,” as do the towns of Navi Mumbai, Thane, Bhiwandi, & Kalyan.
The largest city in the country is second only to the metropolis of New Delhi, the Indian capital, with a population of 25 million in 2014.
Mumbai, India’s financial and entertainment capital, is one of the richest cities in India, accounting for 25% of industrial output and 70% of maritime trade.
These cultural and financial institutions attract migrants from around the country creating a top-level of diversity in the megapolis.
With migrants seeking business and employment opportunities, we attribute the rapid population growth to migration from other regions in the country.
Since 1991, when the census showed that 9.9 million people lived in the area, the population of Mumbai has more than doubled.

1. Dhaka

Dhaka has been the most densely populated city in the world for the third consecutive year, with a density of 47,400 people per square kilometer.
To take advantage of livelihood opportunities, people travel from various areas all across Bangladesh to Dhaka, resulting in rapid population growth in the city.

Why is Dhaka so populated?
Rural migration to urban Dhaka in rural areas contributes actively to population growth.
2,000 people are reported to be moving to Dhaka every day. According to Habitat for Humanity, over 26% of Bangladeshi people who are migrating to Dhaka leave their hometowns because of natural disasters and climate change.
Dhaka rotates its daily life in the local markets. Many workers work along the Buriganga, which runs through Dhaka and is heavily contaminated with human and manufacturing waste.
While this growth has been slowing since then, Dhaka is still experiencing steady growth, with estimates of nearly 21 million people by 2020, while up to 27.3 million residents by 2030.
As high rates of poverty show, the rapidly growing population has already placed tremendous stress upon it, with increasing congestion, a higher percentage of unemployment, and inadequate infrastructure in future concerns.

The UN report shows that more than half the world’s population lives in urban areas and is expected to rise to 66 percent by 2050.
The report further states that ‘the overall growth of the world’s population could add another 2.5 billion people to urban populations by 2050, with close to 90 percent of the increase concentrated in Asia and Africa.’

Top 10 Rarest Birds in the World

16/05/202010/05/2020 by PickyTop

Our lives are persistently affected by these wonderful creatures, with over 10.000 different species of birds worldwide.
But as the human population grows, these helpless creatures that make our life wonderful are struggling to survive.
The majority of such threats come from excessive hunting, deforestation, pollution, and land transformation.
Nearly 13% of birds of the earth are on the brink of extinction.
As an awareness initiative here are the top 10 rarest birds in the world:

10. Philippine eagle

Endemic to the Philippines and one of the largest and most severe eagles in the world, the Monkey eating Philippine eagle remains threatened to extinction due to human ignorance and deforestation.
The eagle is native to four main Filipino islands: Luzon east, Samar, Leyte, Mindanao.
The Philippine eagle is typically 86–102 cm long (2 ft 10 in–3 ft 4 in).
But a survey of several specimens from some of its largest collections of natural history concludes they used to be much bigger.
Mindanao is home to the largest number of eagles, with breeding pairs between 82 and 233.

9. Great Indian bustard

The Great Indian Bustard (GIB) is on the verge of being declared functionally extinct, now only 150 of its are remaining since 100 of them in 2011.
The GIB currently native to two Indian states, Rajasthan and Gujarat — the last surviving male sub-adult in Gujarat flew off last year, so the feeble presence of birds in Gujarat is about to collapse.
These birds have been living in there to the Thar Desert and the deserted grasslands for years.
Nevertheless, the government’s lack of political will and development projects such as windmills and power lines have brought these avian species on the brink of extinction.
There have been no efforts to conserve the grassland – GIB’s natural habitat – nor have efforts to control power transmission lines to prevent fatal accidents between birds and wire lines.
A major factor behind the decline of the bustard is flying into power transmission and windmills.
The Bustard faces a minuscule potential against the march of agriculture and development with one of the fastest mass extinctions in the world’s history underway.

8. Christmas frigatebird

The Christmas frigatebird is a large, light-built seabird, with brownish-black, long, narrow wings, and a deep bent tail.
It covers a wingspan of approximately 2.15 m (7.1 ft). to attract a mate The male has a striking red gular sac which it inflates and an egg-shaped white patch on its belly.
The female has a white breast and belly and sizewise is slightly larger than the male.
These frigatebirds can fly vast distances in search of food and are known for stealing the catch of other seabirds (kleptoparasitism).
This bird can remain in the air more than a week at a time so that it has a wide range of food.
It spends much time at sea, plucking calves squid fish at the vicinity of the water surface.

7. Bali myna

Location: Bali Barat National Park, Indonesia.
Threats: In the cage bird trade, the beauty of birds attracts many people. There is an economically successful bird market in Denpasar, the capital of Bali. The cages are crammed into thousands of different species of birds and sold at one or two dollars each. A Bali myna is considered a status symbol for a private collection, therefore poachers are encouraged to keep capturing these endangered birds species encouraging illegal animal trade.

The Bali myna is the lovely snow-white bird with black tips and striking sky-blue skin patch surrounding its eyes.
It is probably because of its beauty that this bird depiction is used in the cultural art of the Indonesian Island of Bali.
In a small area of Bali, an island less than Rhode Island, you find the Bali myna or Bali starling.
Even if they are found only in a small part of the world, they seem to have all they need to prosper, the Bali mynas, also known as Bali starlings.
It’s fascinating to note that in Indonesia this bird can be found elsewhere but some Jalak Bali has been discovered in Lombok once.
Unfortunately, there is not a single bird of Bali Myna in its indigenous place of origin. Less than 100 Jalak Bali have left the wild to date, elsewhere.

6. Blue-eyed ground dove

The Blue-eyed Ground-Dove was considered to be extinct hardly five years ago.
Some wildlife researchers found 12 individuals in the wild after 75 years without a confirmed sighting.
In Brazil, a country where many rare species survive, the Blue-eyed Ground-Dove is one of the rare birds with a confirmed population of sixteen individuals in wild.
Named after its bright blue eyes, this small dove has the spots on its wings and the rest of its rich tawny and rufous plumage.
The ornithologist Rafael Bessa found that the species was extinct until 2015, making a discovery of a lifetime.

5. Kakapo

The kakapo is the only parrot in the world that can not fly and is large, plump, and nocturnal in appearance.
There are only 211 remaining in the wild, only confined to four small islands on New Zealand’s coast.
Poetic and incredible for Kakapo, that might go extinct in the coming days.
The flightless bird is the heaviest parrot in the world, is known as the owl parrot.
Humans introduced mammals into their habitat, bringing it to the brink of extinction as low as 50 birds in the wild in the 90s.
It was common in New Zealand forests before people arrived.
Intensive intervention in all stages of its life led to an increase in the transfer of the whole population into predator-free islands.

4. California condor

California Condor is the biggest bird in North America, spectacular but endangered.
These excellent gliders travel extensively to feed deer, pigs, cattle, sea lions, whale, and other animals.
Their massive black wings, extraordinary foresight, inquisitive and wise intelligence make this bird extremely alluring.
Thousands of California Condors once lived in the wild across the west of the USA and in Mexico.
When people settled on the west, the condors were often killed, poisoned, taken, and disturbed.
Their eggs were stolen by other animals or humans, and their natural food supply of antelope, elks, and other big wild animals was reduced.
In the end, condors in most places could not survive anymore.
By the late 1900s, the rest of the population fed on dead animals, sheep, and deers, and were restricted to the mountains in southern California.
In the 1980s, there were only 22 birds, but in California, Arizona, and Baja California, there are now some 230 free-flying birds, and another 160 are captive.
The poisoning of plum remains a serious long-term threat.

3. New Caledonian owlet-nightjar

A type of bird, with swift and goatsuckers, the New Caledonian owlet-nightjar has a vermicular gray-brown and black plumage.
The tail is long and slightly round, short, round, and stiff legs. Its voice is unknown, but birds like that make sounds of whistling and churring.
According to the World Conservation Union (IUCN), the New Caledonian Owlet Nightjar is facing an extremely high risk of extinction.
Researchers thought the population before to be extinct.
In 1880, when a single specimen, one bird of the species, was collected it was identified as the New Caledonian Owlet Nightjar.
The New Caledonian owlet-nightjar was declared extinct and there were no other birds seen.
The species was not extinct, however. In 1998 there was a new Caledonian owlet-nightjar, and the condition has changed.
Only 1 sighting, 3 reports and two specimens held in Liverpool and Italy museums are known.

2. Giant ibis

Although the bird of Cambodia may be critically endangered, efforts to bring the bird back from the point of extinction are underway.
The Giant Ibis is an enormous, striking ibis that is unique in being the most important member of its family and the only member of its genus.
This decrease is unfortunately expected to continue unless significant and successful conservation efforts are used.
Only about 200 mature individual Giant Ibis, or about 300 adults and young birds are estimated alive. In Cambodia, Vietnam, and Laos, ibises are mainly found now.

1. Madagascan pochard

This tiny brown duck with a brownish sand color is called ‘The Madagascar pochard.’
And It also couldn’t end up in Madagascar, the film.
But if you look closer, you will see that this poachard is a lovely bird, elegant, with a beady eye. It also is the rarest duck in the world.
Very rare duck thought to have extincted in a distant location in northern Madagascar before it could be rediscovered in 2006.
This last population of ducks was removed and struggled to survive from their natural habitat.
The depth and temperature of this crater lake meant that the young could not feed and survive when used for finding food in shallower, marshy habitats.

Top 10 Tallest Roller Coasters in the World

07/05/202004/05/2020 by PickyTop

tallest roller coaster in the world 2020

There is nothing like riding a roller coaster, especially in new theme parks.
Just before lift hill, the built-up tension released by free fall and turns, as riders scream and zero-gravity weightlessness is the best experience you can have.
According to the roller coaster database, can we can divide roller coasters into two categories: Steel and Wooden coasters. In this post, we will be concerned only about tall Steel roller coasters.
Here is the list for top 10 tallest roller coasters in the world in 2020:

10. Orion: 300-Foot Drop

A new roller coastline located Kings Island become one of just seven gigantic coasters (a 300-399-meter class high or falling roller coasters).
Riders fall to their first depth from 300 feet tall height and are on average at a speed of up to 3 minutes on seven further pathways and a track of 5,321 feet.
This roller coaster and other roller Banshee and Diamondback coasters were built by Bolliger & Mabillard (B&M) exclusively for Kings Island.
The coaster’s minimum height requirement is 54 inches.

9. Intimidator 305: 305-Foot Drop

Intimidator 305 is a steel-constructed second Giga Coaster in North America, which is located in King’s Dominion amusement park in Doswell, Virginia.
Inaugurated in 2010, it reaches 93 meters, the highest height.
The first drop is 91 meters in height, and the maximum angle of descent is 85 degrees.
The first turn of the ride was significantly rebuilt after the first season of operation, to reduce the number of gray outs and blackouts that many riders experienced on this thrill ride.
Theme park owners invested $25 million for the construction of this coaster.
It is termed for late NASCAR driver Dale Earnhardt who was nicknamed ‘The Intimidator.’
Intimidator 305 is no less intimidating as both the tallest and fastest roller coaster to give you an adrenaline rush at a maximum speed of 140 kph.

8. Leviathan: 306-Foot Drop

Don’t look any further if you are an ambitious thrill seeker who is looking to overcome the highest and fastest roller coaster in Canada.
Leviathan will take you on the journey of your life, just like its name of mystical creature.
With an incredible 80 degrees descent, riders could ascend the highest peak on this latest Giga coaster.
The Leviathan stands at a dizzying height of 93 meters and is situated in Wonderland Amusement Park in Vaughan, Ontario, with a drop of the same length.
It was started in 2012 and with a top speed of 148 km/h (eighth fastest coaster in the world).
The steel coaster has a significant number of crazy drops over its track length.

7. Millennium Force: 300-Foot Drop

Millennium Force is a roller coaster located at Cedar Point amusement park in Sandusky, Ohio, United States.
Since the opening of the Blue Streak in 1964, this is 14th Roller Coaster.
When the Millennium Force started in 2000, it set six world records and was the first Giga Coaster in the world.
It has a 91-meter-high drop, which reaches a top speed of 150 km/h.
Fury 325, a mammoth 325-foot-high coaster debuted in 2015 at Cedar Point’s sister property, Carowinds, in Charlotte, North Carolina, overtook the title from Millennium Force, which was voted as the best steel roller coaster for six straight years.

6. Steel Dragon 2000: 307-Foot Drop

This coaster boasts a significantly simple linear design like a fast train traveling at a top speed of 153 km/h on a twisted launchpad track.
It’s named Dragon, not because of the design but it was opened in 2000, the Year of the Dragon.
This 97-meter-high steel coaster is located in Nagashima Spa Land, Japan, and features a maximum drop of 93 meters and two tunnels.

5. Fury 325: 320-Foot Drop

Fury 325 is a roller coaster located at the Charlotte, North Carolina amusement park.
In the Carowinds Amusement Park of Charlotte, North Carolina, the new Fury 325 roller coaster’s height is above the Statue of Liberty and drops at an 81-degree stomach-churning angle.
The riders reach speeds of up to 153 km/h during the ride, experience extreme G-force because of its sharp curves with combined high speed.
Fury 325 attracts many people as it passes under and above the main entrance of the park.
As already mentioned, beating the six-year streak of the Millennium Force, Fury 325 is winning the Best Steel Coaster award and Best Roller coaster title since its four years running.

4. Red Force: 367-Foot Drop

The Red Force is the fastest and tallest roller coaster in Europe. Its brutal acceleration of the ride overshadows its summit height.
Thrill-seekers are at their highest speed of 180 kph and accelerate from 0-100 km/h in approx 2s, pulled by a whopping horizontal G force of 1.35G during initial acceleration.
As the coaster swoops down, people on board feel 4G downforce (four times gravity) before they have enough time to scream, plummet, or understand.
In the Spanish theme park PortAventura, Red Force is the starting point of the recently opened Ferrari Land.
With the train-car that imitates the appearance of a Formula One vehicle, the design ensures that the ride was as rapid as the actual F1 car.

3. Superman: Escape from Krypton: 328.1-Foot Drop

Designed and built by Intamin at the end of the 1990s, the first Reverse Free Fall Coaster was the world’s first ride to break down the 160 km/h barrier, as well as the world’s highest roller coaster.
It is still the 3rd highest roller coaster in the world. Even now. It opened in 1997 and is still in operation.
It is 126.5 meters high and has a heartstopping 108.2-meter drop.
This thrilling ride has a top speed of just over 167 km/h. Like SUPERMAN, you will take off, launching up the trail at 90 degrees, a total of 415 feet in the air!
This roller coaster not only has high acceleration but also combines weightlessness and the experience of free fall, which makes this ride so unique and attractive.

2. Top Thrill Dragster: 400-Foot Drop

The second-highest roller coaster, Top Thrill Dragster, is located in Cedar Point, Ohio.
Cedar Fair Entertainment Company operates this park since it started.
The ride takes a 17-second hydraulic launch to ascend and is still enough to terrify the most daring adventurers.
It was opened in 2003 with a total height of 130 meters and a 120-meter drop. In just 3.8 seconds, this scary roller coaster reaches an astonishing speed of 190kph.

1. Kingda Ka: 418-Foot Drop

Kingda Ka is located at Six Flags Great Adventure in Jackson, New Jersey is the tallest roller coaster in the world.
Opened in 2005 with a total height of 139 meters and with a straight vertical, 127 m high heart-stopping drop is a world record.
It reaches its insane top speed of 206 km/h in a short time of 3.5 seconds, which exceeds any sports bike or fast car.

So these are the steel coasters ranked by height.
There are many world’s tallest coasters options available for us Americans as weekend getaways.
Every year the rides are becoming wilder and scarier, and thrilling people like me absolutely love it!
Whether it’s extreme record-holders, ride off its tracks, backward rides, or insanely high-speed coasters, there’s certainly a ride you love for your romantic getaways.
If you loved this or have a plan to seek some adrenaline rush, share this post with your thrill-seeking friends on social media.

Top 10 Largest Empires in History

04/05/202003/05/2020 by PickyTop

The history of human culture has seen countless empires rise and fall.
Many of these empires had a regional or worldwide influence on history. Still, it could be said that some empires were “greater” than others.
However, the ‘greatness’ of an empire is not an easily quantifiable aspect, as several factors are to be considered.
An empire must have political and military control over various communities with diverse cultures and ethnicity to quantify the territory.
In that case here are the top 10 largest empires in history by area:

10. Portuguese Empire

The Portuguese Empire was the earliest and longest-lived colonial empire in European History.
The time span ranges from the capture of Ceuta in 1415 and the return of Macau to China in 1999, which is almost six centuries.
Portuguese explorers began exploring the African coast in 1419 by taking advantage of the latest developments in shipping, navigation, and maritime technology in search of a naval route to the source of profitable spices.
In 1488, Bartolomeu Dias reached the African coast of the Cape of Good Hope, and in 1498, Vasco da Gama reached Goa, India.
At its height in the year 1815, the Portuguese Empire covered regions known today as Brazil, Mozambique, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, as well as other regions in Africa that extended across four million square miles.

9. Yuan dynasty

The Yuan dynasty was founded by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan after the Mongol Empire was distributed between Genghis Khan’s sons.
Kublai got his share of land almost covering China covering and transformed it into the new empire or ruling dynasty of China.
Although the Mongols had ruled territories over decades, including today’s northern China, Kublai Khan declared the dynasty officially in the traditional Chinese style until 1271.
Stability and peace in China brought some economic prosperity as international trade was promoted by Kublai and his successors.
Under the Yuan dynasty, the now united country was open to the wider world.

8. Umayyad Caliphate

Muawiya, who served as governor of Syria under the Caliphate of Rashidun after the death of the fourth Caliphate, Ali, in 661 CE founded the dynasty of The Umayyad Dynasty.
It was the first dynasty to get the title of the caliphate.
The Umayyads were able to rule the political authority of the caliphate effectively and firmly, the rebellions were brutely crushed, and no quarters were granted to those who instigated uprisings.
Under the stable authority, the Arabic Culture flourished, and the period is often considered the formative period in Arabic art.

7. Abbasid Caliphate

The Caliphate of Abbasid ruled over most of the Muslim world lasted between 750 and 1258 A.D.
The Third Islamic Caliphate overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate, which at that time took power in all but the westernmost limits of Islamic holdings.
With substantial help from Persia, they defeated the Ummayads and decided to de-emphasize ethnic Arabs by re-establishing a multi-ethnic entity in the Muslim Caliphate.
The control of power and the focal point of cultural life in the Islamic middle east shifted eastward from Syria to Iraq.
In 762, Baghdad, the circular city of Peace, was founded to the east as the new capital and was the center of Islamic political and cultural life.

6. Second French Empire

Napoléon III’s regime, from 1852 to 1870, between the Second Republic and the Third Republic in France, is termed as the Second French Empire (formally the French Empire).
While the government machinery of the Second Empire was practically the same as that of the First, it had different founding principles.
Concerning land area, the Second French Colonial Empire, in 1936, was the second-largest in the world at that moment.
It accounted for 10 percent of the global land area and covered over 13,500,000 square kilometers (5 200,000 sq mi).

5. Qing dynasty

The Qing dynasty was the last imperial dynasty in China, which was officially known as the Great Qing.
It was founded in 1636, and from 1644 to 1912, the Dynasty ruled China all on its own.
It preceded the Ming dynasty and was succeeded by the Republic of China.
During the reign of the Qing Dynasty, the imperial Chinese influence strengthened its grip over China, which was integral to Chinese culture.
The reigns of Emperor Yongzheng (reign: 1723-1735) and his son the Emperor Qianlong (reign: 1735-1796) marked Qing‘s power at its height.
Over 13 million square miles of territory was in the rule of the Qing Dynasty during this period.

4. Spanish Empire

The Spanish Crown administered the territories and colonies in Europe, the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Oceania under the Spanish Empire.
It was founded in the Age of Exploration and was one of the world’s first global empires.
Spain reached the height of its political and economic strength under the Spanish Habsburgs when its empire became the unstoppable leading global force.
The establishment of the Spanish Empire in the 15thcentury marked the beginning of the modern global era and of European dominance over global affairs in conjunction with the Portuguese Empire.
It was the most powerful empire of the 16th and 17th centuries.

3. Russian Empire

Russian Empire, from 1721 to 1917, extending over the Eastern part of Europe and the continent of Asia, covered almost 14 million square miles (36 million square km).
The Russian Empire ultimately resulted in Russian Muscovite domination over neighboring in Europe and Asia, where only the British Empire could rival it in size by the end of the 19th century.
The Russian Empire stretched across the northern portions of Europe and Asia at its peak.
The overall area under the monarch comprised almost one-sixth of the earth’s territory.
It occupied modern-day Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Finland, the Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia), significant parts of Poland and Turkey, the Baltic states (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia), and Central Asian countries (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan).

2. Mongol Empire

The Mongol Empire stretched back its peak and covered history’s most adjacent regions.
In the beginning, the Empire was led by Genghis Khan from 1206 to 1368.
During that period, thanks to modern Mongol technology and an enormous horde of nomadic warriors, it expanded to cover most of Eurasia.
The loyal warriors of Genghis Khan were rewarded for their fealties and became their times’ most successful army.

1. British Empire

Britain dominated so many parts of the earth in the 19th and early twentieth centuries, it was famously said that ‘Sun never set over the British Empire.’
The British Empire comprised the United Kingdom’s dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories.
It covered 35.5 million sq.km at that same time, which represents a 23.84% of the Earth’s surface area.
And maybe the fact that the British Empire is almost twice that big as Pluto’s (17.8 million sq km) surface area will surprise you.
The British Empire started with conquering colonies and trading posts abroad, and ultimately included dominions, overseas territories, and mandates.
When Queen Victoria was proclaimed Empress of India in 1877, the empire reached its peak of power.
Britain’s relative strength peaked, and Queen’s influence on the Berlin Congress was at its peak.
By 1922, the British Empire had a population of about 458 million, one-fifth of the world population at that time, and nearly a quarter of the total Earth’s land area.

Top 10 Longest Mountain Ranges in the World

02/05/202013/04/2020 by PickyTop

We all seek solace deep in our hearts in this fast-paced world.
When the calm and calming breeze touches our faces, we find peace in the silence of the environment.
You can’t deny the fact that we all want an exceptional escape from our everyday lives and that there is no better option than to hit the mountains.
The dynamic landscape and flourishing flora and fauna are key to the popularity of all the world’s mountains.
For the most adventurous tourists or mountaineers, there are many other peaks to visit, such as the highest mountain range, Mount Everest.
While some may prefer long mountain ranges with deep jungles.
In this post, we are going to explore some lengthy mountain chains worth visiting.
Here are the top 10 longest mountain ranges in the wold:

10. Appalachian Mountains

The Appalachian Trail runs from Springer Mountain in Georgia through 14 states to Mount Katahdin in Maine, including all but 3 of the original 13 colonies.
Although less famous and short than the vast Rocky Mountains, the Appalachians in the west of the continent are the oldest mountain range in North America.
The Appalachian Mountain Range is impressive in age, although relatively small in size compared to other ranges.
The highest peak of the Appalachian mountain range is located in Mount Mitchell, located in North Carolina.
Researchers believe that the mountains once reached heights comparable to the Alps or the Rockies and age over 480 million years.

9. Ural Mountains

The Urals are an exceptional place: the world’s only mountain range divides Europe from Asia as well as divides a country.
We also know it as Russia’s “stone belt” stretching from north to south for over 2000 kilometers, and we can also call it “blue necklace” with its many beautiful lakes.
Mount Narodnaya, the highest point, reaches a height of 6,217 feet (1,895 meters), but the system consists largely of a series of fractured, parallel ridges with heights between 3,000 and 5,000 feet.
There are several low passes through which it divides the main routes from Europe to Siberia in the central section between Perm and Yekaterinburg. Many areas have mineral-rich rocks.

8. Atlas Mountains

The Atlas system is a series of mountain ranges across Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia in north-western Africa, generally to the south-west.
The highest point in the Atlas Mountains is Mount Toubkal, at 4,167 meters above sea level.
Human settlements have removed a large part of the land in the Atlas for farming, and a small part of the forest is still in the region. Animal life is also on the verge of retreat.
In the oak forests of the northern part of the region, there are only a handful of jackals, a few monkeys at higher altitudes, and often a handful of wild boars in the wilderness.
The Atlas Mountains are rather sparsely vegetated with low vegetation and high levels of soil erosion.

7. Himalayas

Legendary. Spiritual. Unyielding. The Himalayas take your breath away from home to Earth’s tallest peak.
The modern mountain culture which adds a fascinating layer of history and adventure to a modern journey in this powerful realm is nearly as dynamic as the ancient cultures who have called these summits home for centuries.
The fragrances, sights, sounds, and textures of Himalayan cultures are as alive as the landscape itself–and how to taste, listen to and feel them all better than walking or biking up close and personal.
South Asian civilizations have been deeply influenced by the Himalayas.
In both Hinduism and Buddhism, many Himalayan peaks are sacred.

6. Kunlun Mountains

The Kunluns extend from the Pamirs of Tajikistan (Upper Himalayas) to the west of Kunlun Pass and the adjacent areas in the eastern provinces of central Qinghai, Burhan Budai, Bayan Ha, and A’nyêmaqên (Amne Machin).
The Mountain range varies significantly in width but is rarely more than 125 km.
Also called Kunlunxu, the mountain range is highly worshipped in Taoist Chinese mythology as a holy mountain that is home to Xiwangmu, the Taoist goddess, Kunlun.
In the west, the mountain is narrow and in the east broad and slopes from west to east.
Now the vegetation is finished, snow and mist are on the high peaks all year round.

5. Transantarctic Mountains

The Transantarctic Mountains, throughout the Antarctic, extends from Victoria country to Coats country.
The mountains separate the sub-continents of the East Antarctic and the West Antarctic.
Transantarctic Mountains’ highest peak is Mt. Markham close to the Ross Ice Shelf.
It is over 2,000 miles from Victoria Land to the shore of the Weddell Sea, in the Transantarctic Mountains.
The Transantarctic Mountains cover an area that is covered through an ice sheet and a network of great glaciers, which rises to 14,856 feet at the Kirkpatrick Mountains in the Queen Maud Mountains.
The theory of Continental Drift, is credible through its basement rocks, similar to those found in Australia, and South America.

4. Great Dividing Range

The highest part of the Australian continent is the Great Dividing Range. It is a range of several mountains, plateaux, and hills.
The New England Plateau, the Australian Alps, the Snowy Mountains, the Blue Mountains, and the Grampian Mountains are all part of this range.
The highest mountain in Australia is in the Great Dividing Range: Mount Kosciuszko (2228 meters high).
This part of Australia contains extinct volcanoes which are eroded until there remains only a strong volcanic rock and extends offshore to the mountains of the Island of Tasmania.
The great Dividing Range is located directly to the west of the city of Sydney, the most unspoiled highland areas in Australia.

3. Rocky Mountains

Right in our backyard, Rocky Mountains are the magnificent natural beauties of this enormous country, starting directly from the South all the towards the Canadian Northwest.
Exploring the sheer beauty of this mountain range will leave you enlightened.
The Rocky mountain range stretches over 3,000 kilometers between Canada and New Mexico.
An adventurous trek offers the landscapes for some of America’s most impressive parks, monuments, and wilderness regions stretching well over 13,000 feet.
Some of the last glaciers of the continent are nestled high above adventuresome cities such as Banff, Jasper, and Whitefish.
There is plenty of wildlife, particularly in the Yellowstone and Tetons region of Wyoming, where the last untouched ecosystem is found from grizzly to wolves to bison to elk to birds, fish, and insects.

2. Great Escarpment, Southern Africa

A significant geological formation in Africa is the Great Escarpment, which borders the central Southern African plateau.
While mainly on the borders of South Africa, it extends to the east to form the frontier of Mozambique and Zimbabwe.
It continues northwards into Namibia and Angola in the west.
Many names apply to distinct sections of the Great Escarpment, the most famous of which is the Drakensberg.
The Great Escarpment is rich in habitat and has also been found as an ideal fishing place.
Many marine species, including rock lobster, anchovy, and pilchard, are found on the coast.

1. Andes

The Andes’ attraction lies both in the sheer spires of its tower of peaks (Including Mt. Aconcagua at 22,831 feet, the highest peak in the Western hemisphere) and in its mythology, from the ruins of Machu Picchu in Peru to the small Argentinean town of Chaltén in Patagonia.
The Andes run almost throughout South America for over 5,500 miles, passing through seven countries and offering monumental exploring sites on a large scale.
We have many options like an expedition to the tallest peak in the western hemisphere or The Inca Trail or Modern Mountaineer’s in Los Glaciares National Park, and tasting cuisine like “cuy” while hiking in Ecuador or “manjar” while cycling through Chile, all is possible in the Andes.
Regardless of your journey, the Andes exceed your expectations by making you want more.

Top 10 Biggest Trees in the World

11/04/202011/04/2020 by PickyTop

The maximum height of common trees is between 400 and 426 feet (122 and 130 meters).
While in the past, giant trees may have achieved impressive heights, some of the world’s tallest, widest, and thickest trees are now dead because of timber (and deforestation).
There are two ways for ranking the tree’s size: Height or Volume.
Measuring trees by height, and diameter along with the angle of narrowing cross-section provides insight about tree volume.
These are the top 10 biggest trees in the world:

10. Rullah Longatyle (Strong Girl)

Rullah Longatyle is the world’s largest Eucalyptus regnans tree species (Eucalyptus globulus Labill).
Rullah Longatyle, meaning Strong Woman, is situated near Geeveston, Tasmania, Australia.
It is Australia’s second-largest tree by volume of the trunk. The volume of its trunk is about 368 cubic meters.

9. Kermandie Queen

A 400-year-old veteran of the southern forests of Tasmania is reportedly Australia’s biggest tree.
The Kermandie Queen, a 76-meter swamp gum or mountain ash rising in a rainforest just south of Geeveston, is just three-quarters the height of Australia’s tallest tree, the neighboring Centurion, soaring 99.7 m.
But the Kermandie Queen has out-muscled the competition to be called our biggest tree by using a formula that takes into account the girth, height and crown size of the measured tree.
This tree got burned during the January 2019 fire.
The Kermandie Queen, who in volumetric size rivaled the Arve Giant, was also severely damaged by the fires and shed large branches that are the size of typical trees themselves.

8. Arve Big Tree

Perhaps the Arve Big Tree is 84 m, a long shot from the current record holder of the world’s biggest flowering plant, the Centurion, which towers at 324.8 feet tall.
Though also seen some of Australia’s tallest trees.
Standing before me was a behemoth that I had never seen in Tasmania or anywhere in Australia.
The surrounding trees in his prime were like scrawny babies next to a Yokozuna.
The Arve Big Tree weighs 405 tons, according to the information boards, and is one of Australia’s largest trees.
In contrast, an adult Blue Whale would be just 190 tons.

7. Cheewhat Giant

Canada’s largest tree, the Cheewhat Giant, is protected in southern Vancouver Island’s Pacific Rim National Park Reserve.
The massive western red cedar has a diameter of 182 feet (55 m) in tree height and 20 feet (6 m).

6. Douglas fir tree

This Red Creek Fir, at least 1000 years old, is a Douglas fir tree.
It was called the world’s largest Douglas fir with a diameter of 4.2 meters and a height of 73.8 meters.
Red Creek Fir on Vancouver Island is the largest Douglas fir on Earth.
The tree and a small surrounding tree stand currently receive “soft” protection through an Old-Growth Management Area, but law mandates “hard” protection in the form of a conserving forest, or nature reserve that also includes a much larger buffer area.

5. Tāne Mahuta

Tane Mahuta is the fifth largest tree in the world by volume, with 516 cubic meters in volume.
This giant kauri tree (Agathis australis) is located in Northland, New Zealand’s Waipoua Forest.
The age ranges from 1,250 to 2,500 years. It is today’s biggest kauri known to stand.
Its name Māori means “Lord of the Wood” in the pantheon of Māori from the name of a god.

4. Árbol del Tule

Located inside a gated churchyard in the picturesque town of Santa Maria del Tule, the Árbol del Tule is the widest tree in the world.
The local Zapotecs like to joke that the Tule shares some of their characteristics: it is short (only 35.4 meters in height), stout (11.62 meters in diameter), and old (about 1,500 years).

3. Grogan’s Fault

The largest known living coast redwood (sequoia sempervirens) is Grogan’s Fault, found in Redwood National Park in 2014 by Chris Atkins and Mario Vaden, with a total trunk volume of at least 38,299 cubic feet.
Certain high-volume redwoods along the coast include Iluvatar with a main trunk volume of 36,470 cubic feet and the Lost Monarch with a main trunk volume of 34,914 cubic feet.

2. Lost Monarch

Lost Monarch is a Northern California Coast Redwood tree with a diameter of 26 feet at breast height and a height of 320 feet.
In terms of wood volume, it is the largest coastal redwood in the world.
The largest known living coast redwood is Grogan’s Fault, found in Redwood National Park in 2014 by Chris Atkins and Mario Vaden, with a total trunk volume of at least 38,299 cubic feet.

1. General Sherman

General Sherman is a giant sequoia tree (Sequoiadendron giganteum) growing in Tulare County, Sequoia National Park, California, United States.
The Sherman tree is roughly 52,500 cubic feet (1,487 cubic meters) in height, named General Sherman.
That’s more than half the volume of an Olympic pool, commonly considered to be 88,500 cubic feet (2,506 cubic meters).
General Sherman is the biggest tree in the world. According to estimates, it is about 2,000 years old.

Top 10 Coolest Cars in the World

02/05/202007/04/2020 by PickyTop

Being an autoholic to choose the coolest cars is much more difficult than you think, because of the variety of viewpoints.
Some new cars arrive at the scene with a subtle allure which that only gets built up over time.
While some are just so point blank-hot, it is astonishing to see them not just break in flames.
Being distinctive to look at, listen to, and paddle around these cars are some of the finest examples.
Based on industry impact, rarity, power, and style, here are the top 10 coolest cars in the world:

10. Porsche 911

Since 1963, the sports car is continued in production and five decades it’s about its new peak following the introduction of new Porsche 911 Turbo S, and Porsche 911 Carrera 4S.
Many of us would agree that as significant as the 911 is, the funky design is the same.
It is not just the appearance similar to previous generations, but you must be a 911 geek to see the changes in the outside.
The fundamental design of the rear-engine counterbalanced rear wheels, six-cylinder boxer engine, and the balance of driven power and performance remain the cornerstone of the 911 experience.
It’s not just the car’s model or practicability of 911 as we cannot ignore the fact that 911 has the best engines in the class.
Legendary race car, Porsche Carrera GT’s (one of the top sports cars of all time) development can be traced back to the racing DNA of 911 GT1.
One more thing that sets 911 apart from other sports cars is that anyone in the world of insane, exotic, extremely lightweight sports cars can comfortably drive the Porsche 911.
Because it’s notoriously difficult to drive those super exotic hypercars even at slow speeds, let alone fast.

9. Koenigsegg CCXR Trevita

The Koenigsegg CCX is a sports mid-engine performance car manufactured by Koenigsegg Automotive AB, a Swedish car manufacturer.
The project started with the aim of producing a global car, designed and designed to meet global environmental and safety regulations, especially to enter the United States automotive market.
The $4.8 million CCXR Trevita, coated with diamonds, lies at the opposite end of the price range of ‘affordable Koenigsegg sports cars’.
The Koenigsegg is driven by a twin-turbocharged 4.8-liter V8 engine with 1,004 horsepower and 797 pound-feet of torque designed with an external finishing of a proprietary Diamond Weave finish exterior (carbon fiber covered in diamonds).
CCXR is capable of achieveing top speeds of over 254 mph.
Before the CCX stopped for good, the company only built three models.

8. Land Rover Defender

In the 135-year history of the automobiles, we could connect only one car with pig farmers and Queen Elizabeth.
Land Rover Defender is not known because of its throttle reaction or the ability to cruise.
The defender and Land Rover series have been securing iconic status for people to make their world more visible for over seven decades before they have gone over and over.
Now, after the production of classic 4X4 king stopped in 2016, the new Defender is prepared to continue with the legacy of 73 years of Land Rover DNA.
Land Rover finally pulled the long-awaited 2020 Land Rover Defender out at this year’s Frankfurt Motor Show.

7. Jaguar E Type

E-Type is the most iconic vehicle ever produced in the British motor industry, often called the most beautiful car in the world.
Jaguar Etype is one of the most iconic motoring silhouettes with its long sweeping bonnet and small, simple grill; every British gentleman (or sir) can easily recognize quickly.
In the second year, the ‘Flat Floor’ version was manufactured for auction through Bonham and is one of the purest designs ever to roll the production line from Jaguar.
The original generation of Jagua classic cars like XJS, E-types, XK series carry the DNA of older roadster race cars.

6. Aston Martin DB5

The Bond car was first introduced in Goldfinger and is one of the most iconic and the best-known Bond car in film history.
An evolution of the last DB4 series used a Superleggera tubular design that gave it a beautiful façade.
Many people will remember it in several 007 James Bond movies, the most recent was in Skyfall (2012).
Most DB5s were built as coupes, manufactured by Carrozzeria Touring, but some convertibles were also manufactured.
The combination of luxury with performance never was designed to be a straightforward sports car but was shoved enough to reach the top speed of 260 km/h, with a 4.0-liter straight-6 petrol engine of 210 kW power.

5. McLaren F1

The F1 was unveiled to the public 25 years ago, in May 1992.
The great Gordon Murray designed it with a single goal in mind, Performance.
While designing, Gordon Murray was obsessed about weight reduction, and his goal was to have a dry vehicle weight of 2,000 lbs.
Murray’s perfectionist approach was ridiculous back then and even now, but he needed to explore all possibilities.
The world witnessed this engineering marvel by the will power of one remarkable engineer who created everything from general layout to minor design touches.
And it came from a small, eminently focused company at the height of its power unique compared to other racing cars at the time.
Since then, astonishingly, every sports car from all major brands proceeding has been something of a dilution.

4. Ford Mustang Shelby GT500

The GT500 2020 is Ford’s most powerful production car. The 5.2-liter V8 engine from the GT350 powers this muscle car added with a supercharger that boosts the power output to 760hp and 625 pound-feet of torque.
After Ford introduced Mustang, a new automotive class was born.
A new design and unique offers were developed with every generation, and in each generation, power and efficiency improvements were observed.
Throughout each generation, the Ford Mustang proved a stylish and powerful car.
Ford remodeled the Mustang in appearance by both the third and fourth generations to keep American car buyers interested.
For introduced latest optional items include rear cross-track blind-spot monitoring, stop cruise control, and active-break collision alert.
After the Chevy Corvette, Mustang is the second most long-running sports car in the United States.
The Latest edition Ford Mustang Shelby GT500 combines modern sports car performances with iconic muscle-car presence as the most efficient and high-performance machine ever.

3. LaFerrari

The LaFerrari is the latest in a long line of Ferrari-built high-tech, extremely fast hypercars.
Its name in Italian means “the Ferrari,” and the manufacturer Ferrari brought it forward by introducing new technology that was previously only seen with prototypes, concepts, or race cars.
In many ways, LaFerrari is outstanding. Armed with a V-12 6.3-liter engine, it just seven seconds to hit 124 mph (200kph).
This flagship model also has the first hybrid drive system ever from Ferrari.
Apart from its specifications, the model being the newest addition is rare since only 499 units were released in a limited run.

2. Lamborghini Miura

The car was named after the fierce Seville bulls, and it was entirely different from what Ferrari offered.
Ferruccio said, “the Miura is for the keenest sporting car who wants the best in looks and performance.”
The Miura was introduced in 1966 and remained in production until 1973.
Its main feature was the mid-engine configuration. Three major series were made; P400, P400S, and the P400SV.
Plus P400 Jota, P400 SV/J (Jota), the subsequent SV/J factory upgrades, and the roadster concept.
At the early stages, upon hearing about the Jota prototype, customers asked for their own “Jota.”
Lamborghini was unable to justify the costs of constructing the Jotas, instead introduced an upgraded SV model.
This model, known as the SV/J, included engine upgrades, suspension parts, external and interior features.
In the total manufacturing run of 764 units, Lambo made only 150 SV models.

1. Bugatti Chiron

Very few car brands, such as Bugatti, are known for high-level details of engineering in its automotive design.
Thanks to founder Ettore Bugatti for creating some of the most innovative engineering solutions for building cars that are extremely successful in racing.
Bugatti has developed the most powerful, fastest, luxurious, and exclusive super sports car in the world in Chiron.
Chiron sets standards in all areas with an output of 1500hp, the unparalleled torque of 1600 Nm, and a plethora of technological innovations.
Chiron has a maximum speed of 261 mph (the car can achieve speeds of 305mph+).
In a limited series of 500 cars, the Chiron is manufactured. The price base is approximately US$2.8 million.
Chiron can easily be seen as an updated Veyron, but it’s not.
It has a more stunning shape, a more powerful car with a better all-round dynamic driving experience, and is completely re-engineered.

Top 10 Smartest Animals in the World

07/04/202006/04/2020 by PickyTop

We humans can learn, reason, and solve problems, human beings.
We are conscious of ourselves, and we are also aware of others’ presence, thoughts, sentiments.
Scientists may not agree that humans have complete intelligence in the animal kingdom, but commonly agree that humans are very intelligent.
Research has shown that some animals are far smarter than people realize, according to National Geographic.
In this respect, we have created a list according to animal intelligence.
Both small and large animals made up the list and proved that larger species are not always better in terms of brains.
Following is the list of smartest animals in the world rankings:

10. Bees

Honeybees have developed through “swarm intelligence,” with around 50,000 workers working together in a single colony taking democratic decisions.
When hives get crowded during spring, bee colonies send out ‘scouts’ to find new locations to build a new hive.
If there are disagreements among scouts with the colony’s next hive, they argue their case peacefully: a dance-off.
In a quest to convince other scouts of the merit of their spot, each scout performs a “waggle dance.”
The more enthusiastic the dance, the happier the scout was with its newfound place.
The rest of the colony votes with their bodies, they fly to the place they prefer and join the dance moves so far as the # 1 bee disco of the local reigns.
Regrettably, how awesome it would be if only Congress settled its disputes in the “dance-off” way.
Neuropsychiatrist Jon Lieff observed, “They have a kaleidoscopic memory of every flower for miles, and learn from wise elders where the best flowers are.”

9. Squirrels

Squirrels are fast learners and learn from their peers, according to a recent Science Daily study.
Food stealing is the squirrels-passing trick. Recent researchers reported that rodents showed advanced caching to counteract robbery.
When squirrels see humans stealing their peanuts, this behavior develops in the experiment.
The scientists have asked for a sign that squirrels could perceive other’s actions but only learned behavior.
Squirrels who knew that they were being observed dug fake bins for their nuts, digging holes and patting them with sand, covering their precious nuts under their armpits or mouth until they could find some good place to hide.
In the scent of rattlesnakes amid California, researchers found squirrels are covering their fur to mask the smell of predators.

8. Octopus

We can say that among invertebrates, Octopuses are among the least expected yet most intelligent animals ranked.
The tricks used to detect the enemy and locate them is proof, to show the intellectual power of these multi-armed creatures.
Don’t be fooled by those squishy hands.
According to researchers, Octopuses are incredibly smart and can communicate their details like cultural information, mimicry, and communication using colors and patterns.
Octopuses have the biggest brain compared to the rest of the invertebrates.
An average Octopus has about 130 million brain neurons.
There are 100 billion neurons in the human brain. Three-fifths of the neurons octopus has, however, is not limited to the brain.
Each arm has a mind that is it’s own so it can wander and even take food as it was still attached before cutting off (Octopus can regrow the new like Deadpool).

7. Parrots

Parrots are considered as intelligent as a human child, that’s why parrot is the only one of the two birds listed among smartest animals.
These birds solve puzzles and also know the cause-and-effect notions.
Among them are the African greys, a parrot subspecies renowned for incredible memory, cognitive abilities, and counting ability.
African grey parrots can learn and use a huge number of human words to communicate with humans.
We all know how ingenious parrots are, but are they all capable of doing just that? No!
Over the years, there have been several studies on different parrot types to determine what they can and how intelligent they are.
Alex (an African Grey Parrot) was the subject of a 30-year study that concluded that he was as clever as a 5-year-old human!
Alex could identify over fifty objects, five shapes, differentiate colors, and can recognize up to six numbers.
Not just that, but Alex had more than a hundred words in his vocabulary, too!
Perhaps most interestingly, was Alex’s ability to ask a question.
He asked, “What color?” when looking at his self in the mirror?
After being told six times, he learned the word “Grey.”
The question signified a remarkably important aspect that Alex was the first-ever non-human animal to ask a question.
While animals like dolphins and primates can answer questions, no one has ever asked a question.
We can say that Parrots could are fully aware of their surroundings and their existence.

6. Crow family

Since ancient times crows and ravens are considered as the most intelligent birds ever.
Corvids have long before much study has been carried out in this area, for their intelligence.
These birds have complex social systems, besides being one of the few species that can use tools to find food and solve problems.
Some crows or ravens have an excellent longterm memory to remember people’s faces.
It is found that crows have a social system and communicate with each other using gestures.
It’s bad news because if you harm them, the word among the flock might spread quickly for the flock to dive and strike your head.
We now learn that crows are smart enough to open hard-to-crack nuts by using as can figure out how to complete a complicated array of occurrences to solve a puzzle.
More distinctively, the New Caledonian crows are quite popular for picking locks, creating tools (Meta- and compound tools), and mirror use.

5. Pigs

Pigs are among the most intelligent animals in the world, according to critics.
It is found that this domesticated animal is wiser and more hygienic than cats or dogs (the reason pigs go around in the mud is not that they like to get dirty but because they have no sweat glands like us to cool off them).
Researchers that studied the pigs have learned that the pig intelligence has excellent longterm memories, good at solving puzzles, can understand a simple symbolic language, like to play and play-fights with one another.
Oddly enough, these clever animals can learn to operate a joystick to move an on-screen cursor (get ready to be defeated on Fortnite next time by a pig).

4. Dogs

There would be no smartest animals list without Man’s best friends, our very own pet dog.
We humans use that intelligence for both personal and official protection.
Dogs understand empathy, show compassion, and have good gesture awareness.
The average dog knows about 165 human words, according to the canine intelligence specialist Stanley Coren.
A dog of Chaser border collie breed showed a 1022 word understanding.
I need not provide the evidence if you already own a dog.
For example, they can learn to sit, lie down and fetch, comprehend sign languages, and they can read the intentions their owners (notice your dog when you have a plan to take them out for a walk).
Researchers found that in reaction to nonverbal data, they can at least find food, a form of awareness which scientists think is close to the human ability to learn another’s viewpoints.
Dogs can get aggressive if we don’t stimulate their mental energy.
What if I say you that even their canine cousins like Wolves, Coyotes, Jackals, Foxes are far smarter than an average dog?
It is true, as you may have heard, expressions like ‘crafty wolf’ or ‘cunning as a fox.’
It may sound like mystical characters from folktales, but in reality, these wild canines are extremely cunning than we know.

3. Elephants

Elephants have a reputation for smarts and have excellent memories (sometimes more than us).
They can remember specific routes over incredible stretches of land and for many years to watering holes — and unlike us, they never forget a friend (elephant or human).
A female elephant named Shirley arrived at The Elephant Sanctuary in Tennessee in 1999.
An elephant named Jenny soon got excited and playful immediately.
It was a strange elephant behavior as elephants need some time to develop friendship, nor was it love at first sight.
After some background research, it was found that 22 years ago, they used to perform in a circus together for a brief time.
In the wild, these extremely social animals are helpful, compassionate, and empathetic.
Their trunks and feet can cause seismic (land vibrations) activity, which makes it possible to communicate with other long distant elephants.
Elephants are probably the only animals that use seismic waves to communicate.
Researchers observed elephants use tools such as sticks to sway off ticks or with palm fronds to swat at flies.
Because of their sheer brain size, elephants need to know anything or two about the world.
We could see family members manage comfortably, help another species in times of need, play with water, and communicate with each other through vibration in their feet.
Studies conducted at Emory University concluded that elephants display strong emotions to reassure others in distress, and can recognize themselves in the mirror (a cognitive test only passed by humans, apes, and dolphins).

2. Dolphins

Dolphins, after humans, have a high brain-to-body ratio.
Their trainers observed that Dolphins have some ability to understand emotions and can intentionally mimic stupid apes that research them.
Findings from the Marine Mammal Studies Institute in Mississippi show that dolphins can be the second sneakiest animal on earth.
When dolphins were trained in their tanks to pick litter and exchange them with trainers for fish, a dolphin named Kelly found a way to game the system.
Kelly discreetly tore single sheets of waste paper into multiple pieces by burying litter under a rock in her tank and then used to exchange that piece for fish.
Kelly’s brilliant deception was not an accident; researchers say she did this practice deliberately.
Bottlenose Dolphins are one of just a handful of animal species that produce their vocal signature sounds by using vocal learning.
Early in life, every dolphin creates a unique vocal whistle that gives an individual identity of its own.
Since each whistle is different, dolphins can call each other by mimicking a dolphin with a whistle.
It is the same as calling one another by name as we humans do.
Most dolphins build strong social relationships to remain with the group’s injured and sick members to help them breathe onto the surface of the water if needed.
Sometimes, Dolphins also protects human swimmers from sharks by swimming around them or rushing at the sharks to scare them away.
Dolphins near the coast sometimes team up with fishers to catch fish.
Dolphins scare off fish from deep waters towards the shore towards where fishers ready to drop their nets.
Surprisingly, when the moment arrives to drop the nets, the Dolphins signal the catchers.
Dolphins get fishes from the hunt as a reward for their help.
Now that’s an example of what we can call brilliant teamwork.
In Australia, some dolphins use a sponge to protect their nose from hunting on the ocean floor, a behavior that parents pass to offspring.
There are countless examples to prove dolphins smartness, which we couldn’t include in our list.

1. Chimpanzee

Working with tools, communication with complex vocalizations, and are good problem-solving capabilities make Chimpanzee as the smartest animal in the world.
Primates share approximately 98 percent of DNA, which is remarkably similar to humans.
We could say that humans are closer to Chimps genetically than an African elephant is to an Indian elephant.
They live in social communities, and like humans, they can adapt to various environments.
Chimps make and use tools for drinking water, such as rocks to crack up nuts and leaves.
In the human environment, they can play games such as chess or poker very well because of their ability to use game theory.
Chimpanzees are talented in outsmarting, dis-intelligent humans in many tests on the concept.
Chimpanzees have a pretty strong short-term memory, even better than us.
Ayumu, the chimpanzee, could remember the precise sequence and placement of the numbers on a monitor after observing it for less than a second.
For us, humans it is almost impossible to do it, even for skilled memory champions.
Chimpanzees have a much better short-term memory than almost all humans, and can not be underestimated for their intelligence!
They use tools, organize their hunting strategies, interact with each other to reinforce bonds (sometimes sexually), and engage in violent acts groups.
Great Apes can show empathy, altruism, and self-awareness in field observations and lab experiments.

Top 10 Famous Leonardo da Vinci Paintings

06/04/202006/04/2020 by PickyTop

Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci, known as Leonardo da Vinci, was an Italian polymath of the Renaissance expert in the areas of invention, drawing, sculpture, science, mathematics, literature, geology, architecture, music, engineering, anatomy, astronomy, botany, paleontology, cartography, and painting.
Leonard is considered beyond an ordinary genius some examples include;

Da Vinci was a prolific inventor
He designed a tank more than 400 years before it became a reality
Da Vinci designed a mechanical knight known as Leonardo’s robot
He designed a workable precursor to the modern diving suit
He was the first one to introduce concepts of flying machines like parachute, glider, helicopter and landing gear through his studies of the flight of birds

Leonardo’s Mona Lisa and The Last Supper have distinctively held positions as the most famous and religious paintings of all time, most reproduced and copied.
In 1472 the renaissance artist entered the Florence Painting Guild and set up his workshop. Leonardo, as a painter, completed six artworks in Milan in 17 years.
These are the top 10 most famous Leonardo da Vinci Paintings:

10. Saint Jerome in the Wilderness

This painting of the genius is incomplete. The painting reflects Saint Jerome after plucking the thorn from Lion’s paws.
What is remarkable is that, as customary, Leonardo did not give him a beard.
In 1480, Vinci started painting this tempera and oil on walnut panel, but due to some unknown reasons, he had to stop his masterpiece.
The specialty of this painting:
At the end of his life, the picture shows St. Jerome, a hermit in the woods, alone except for his lion companion–a prevalent theme of the Renaissance.
Yet, alone, he represents the penitent saint in a time of private deep slumber in a deeply touching, intimate portrayal. As Jerome looks on his crucifix, his religious fight is over.

9. Portrait of Ginevra Benci

The portrait of Ginevra de Benci is the only publicly displayed artwork by Leonardo da housed at the National Gallery of Art, Washington DC.
It is one of Leonardo’s earliest works, completed in his early twenties, showing some unusual painting techniques he used in his life.
It is one of the first recognized paintings of Italian art for three-quarters view.
In about 1474, Vinci created this and is often regarded as one of the most famous Leonardo da Vinci Paintings.
Specialty of this painting:
A palm of laurel surrounds the background of the picture, the sprig of juniper, and each one of the flowers are surrounded by a phrase containing “Beauty adorns virtue.”
The truncated appearance of the opposing side suggests that the painting was cut down, possibly due to water or fire damage.

8. Lady with an Ermine

It is a painting from around 1489-1490 by Leonardo da Vinci.
Many art historians have identified the young lady with Ermine as Cecilia Gallerani, mistress of Leonardo’s patron’s, Ludovico Sforza, the Duke of Milan.
Specialty of this painting:
Although Leonardo’s knowledge of anatomy in this is painting is over proved.
It’s because of his ability to portray a character in posture and expression, particularly the bleak backdrop.
In its guileless characteristics, attentive eyes and a gentle touch, the girl depicts the youth and dynamic nature of the ermine.
Her slim hand shows the complex bones structure under the skin, as the skull underneath the fur shows the head of the ermine.

7. Anatomical studies

Leonardo, in his last days, was more isolated than he ever was. He used to buy bodies from local hearse centers.
He used to dissect dead bodies and do extensive analysis, examine the moment and structure of various human cells.
Specialty of these sketch works:
Martin Clayton, the Senior Curator and Head of Prints and Drawings for Royal Collection Trust at Windsor Castle, has explored remarkably accurate anatomical imageries in Leonardo da Vinci’s notebooks, which remained hidden from the world almost 400 years after Da Vinci died.
Perhaps his most popular anatomical painting was a 100-year-old person who was in perfect health hours before his death.
Leonardo dissected his body to look “the cause of such a sweet death,” to discover cirrhosis in the liver and blockage of an artery in the heart describing the first-ever coronary tissue in the world.
Many argue that Leonardo had way more artworks & drawings than we had discovered yet.

6. Virgin of the Rocks

The Virgin of the Rocks is the name of the two oil on wood panel paintings with the same subject, and of exact design, except for main details.
Leonardo painted these artworks around 1483 and 1486.
In the Louver in Paris, the version considered to be the first, the earlier version of both is unrestored.
The other restored version is hanging at the National Gallery, London.
Both pictures depict the Madonna and Christ Child in the rocky setting, with the infant John the Baptist and an angel.
Specialty of this painting:
The first painting shows how the high Renaissance was carried on by Leonardo.
Early pictures from the Italian renaissance era commonly portrayed holy family figures in a fixed, stiff, and distinct appearance.
In a mysterious rocky landscape, a young virgin Mary is sitting down on the floor, not on a stool.
Her body is moving — it feels like she tilts her head protecting to the baby John, who is kneeling to the left in his worship, and she feels as if she is moving him to the Christ Child to the right.
Infant Jesus blesses John, seen from behind in a complicated position, points towards John while looking at the viewer.

5. Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk

At around 60 years of age, Leonardo is commonly thought to have drawn the self-portrait in red chalk.
The red chalk of an ancient guy with lengthy wavy hair and beards has long been considered as a self-portrait and is so represented that it describes how the majority believe about the appearance of Leonardo.

4. Vitruvian Man

Vitruvian Man is one of Leonardo’s many notes he held on to during his aging years.
It comes followed by remarks in the perfect human proportions handed down in a book on 1st century BC by the Roman painter Vitruvius.
Specialty of this sketch work:
The sketch shows the hypothesis that the perfect person can combine two irreconcilable forms into a circle and a square.
Leonardo solved the idea by drawing a man in two superimposed positions — one in a carriage with his arms stretched forth, and another in a circle with his feet and arms stretched out.
The illustrations show Leonardo’s efforts to comprehend significant documents but also his willingness to broaden them.
His illustrations subsequently became most iconic, partially because of his mathematical, philosophical, and artistic combinations, which appear to have been a fitting sign of the Renaissance.

3. Salvator Mundi

Many experts noted that it represented the image of Jesus.
But other doubt about the rigid position, which was so distinctive from the typical sweeping postures observed in other Leonardo’s artworks.
A third general view is that the painting is hybrid, as Leonardo’s students did the primary color job, and the great master took the last touches.
The auctioneer further affirmed that conservators had confirmed that Leonardo made the painting of the same material that Leonardo, particularly ultramarine blue, often reserved for the rich, was a very costly, high-quality pigment.
It was concluded that a rich person hired Leonardo to make his painting.
Since that evening in November 2017, “Salvator Mundi” has not been seen in public.
Many speculate that a Saudi Prince bought the painting for $450 million for his private collection, making Salvator Mundi as the most expensive painting in the world.
The Louvre Abu Dhabi, which previously announced its appearance, postponed the grand opening last year without any explanation.
This confusion has given it the source of intense speculation.

2. The Last Supper

Ludovico Sforza, the Duke of Milan and the Patron of Leonardo during his first stay in Milan, commissioned Last Supper.
It is one of the most famous works in the world.
The painting is housed in Santa Maria Delle Grazie, a church and a convent in Milan.
Specialty of this painting:
Leonardo was fascinated by how to reveal the personality of a man in posture, speech, and gesture to show a distinctive response.
The Apostles’ positions are rising, falling, extending themselves, and intertwining as they seem to yell, shout, grieve, and debate around Jesus.
The work was soon disintegrated after Leonardo completed it, because of the experimental paint technique in which he employed tempera or öil paint on two preparatory stages.
But observers can still see this as a complex study of diverse human emotions, which can be disclosed in a clear narrative.

1. Mona Lisa

Mona Lisa (La Gioconda) is the only thing that comes into your mind when you hear “a masterpiece,” making it the most famous painting in the world all the time.
Every day, the Mona Lisa attracts thousands of visitors to the Louvre Paris Museum, many of whom are compelled by the mysterious gaze and the enigmatic smile.
Specialty of this painting:
A youthful woman’s typical image modestly dressed in a thin, dim-colored veil, and no jewelry confuses her spectators.
The simplicity of this oil on panel painting is realistic. The subject’s gently shaped features show Leonardo’s method used for modeling subtle light and shadow gradations rather than lines.
The delicately painted veil, beautifully crafted coats, and the thorough handling of folded fabric show Leonardo’s deliberate patience in recreating his observations.
The complex expression of the woman only increases the painting’s mysteriousness.
Scientists have learned why the expression of Mona Lisa looks so different from people at various times.
Art lovers and critics are puzzled by the gaze and the slight smile for centuries and debated it-or is it a grimace?
The famous Mona Lisa’s famous riddle is based on their own emotions at the time, according to new research into perception and neurology.
Mona Lisa’s smile may engage or mocking–viewers can’t find it out, because the subject is a sophisticated figure like a human being that simultaneously represents counter-characteristics.

His works of art, distinguished by exceptional vibrant but harmonious composition and subtle shadowing techniques, had a huge impact on the preceding generations of artists.
Share this interesting list about famous Leonardo da Vinci Paintings with your friends on social media.

Top 10 Biggest Passenger Planes in the World

30/03/202027/03/2020 by PickyTop

Aircraft made transport systems easier as its the fastest way of traveling with high passenger carrying capacity.
Nowadays, with bigger aircraft size, It can transport more passengers and cargo.
So today, we will have a look at jumbo jets, whose size is so big that you may stare at them wondering, “Does this even fly?”
We will not include US military cargo planes or the biggest plane in the world, Antonov An-225 Mriya, as its a transport aircraft.
In this post, we will only consider passenger airplanes with huge carrying capacity and maximum takeoff weight (MTOW).
According to the maximum size, these are the top 10 biggest passenger planes in the world:

10. Airbus A330-300

The Airbus A330 is an Airbus made twin-engine jet airliner with a medium to long-range capability.
The A330-300 originates from one of the first Airbus airliners, the A300, which had been designed in the mid-1970s.
The A330 had many common aircraft frame components if compared to A340, except as the number of engines.
Two General Electric CF6-80E1, Pratt & Whitney PW4000, or Rolls-Royce Trent 700 jet engines power A330 while four CFM series or Rolls-Royce Trent power A340.
This airliner was simultaneously developed with the four-engined A340 plane.
It has two turbofan engines, a wingspan of 197 foot 10 inches, and a cruise speed of 532 mph.
Airbus recently developed an Outsize cargo freight aircraft, based on the A330 Airliner named Beluga XL (Airbus A330-743L).
On 19 July 2018, Airbus began Beluga XL’s flight testing to receive a type certificate on 13 November 2019.
On 9 January 2020, Airbus Transport introduced the aircraft in service to replace the Airbus Beluga by installing Beluga with over-sized aircraft components (like wings).
Before choosing to change one of its aircraft, Airbus assessed the Antonov An-124, An-225, Boeing C-17 (Dream lifter), and A400M.

9. Airbus A340-300

The A340-300, like all members of the Airbus Family, features many key innovations, including fly-by-wire flight controls to improve the aircraft protection, save weight and cost, advanced carbon fiber materials, and aerodynamics to save fuel.
The standard variants of this largest passenger plane can carry up to 375 passengers.
A340 has range of 6,700 to 9,000 nautical miles, but depends on the model.
Its characteristics are four high-speed turbofan engines and three-leg main landing gear.
The 151 kilonewtons (34,000 lbf) CFM56-5C are used to power 300 models.
The 209 meters long Airbus A340-300 has 198 feet wide wingspan.
As of June 2019, Lufthansa, the A340’s biggest airline, has acquired 62 -300 aircraft and operating 32 – 600 variants.

8. Airbus A340-500

In 2006, the Airbus launched A340-500 in the market, however, some initial deliveries started in 2002.
Its an aircraft manufactured in France with 372 passengers’ capacity in the single-class seat arrangement and 313 passengers in its double class system.
Aircraft is around 223 feet long and can cover a distance of up to 10,358 miles long.
The A340-500 was the longest-range commercial aircraft until losing its crown to the Boeing 777-200LR.
The 222 fuselage cross-section of the A340 offers cabin airlines the versatility to meet demands on the market, from ultra-high comfort premium seats to economical class layouts.
It an ideal biggest passenger plane for VIP & ultra-long-range operations as the four-engine double-aisle, wide-body aircraft offers the A340-500 the opportunity to drive some of the world’s longest non-stop routes up to 9,000 nautical miles.

7. Airbus A350-900

The A350-900 was unveiled on 15 January 2015 by its flight provider, Qatar Airways.
Airbus A350-900 is a 325-seater wide-body passenger aircraft which is part of the new generation Airbus models.
The A350-900 is one of its different configurations providing up to19-hour-long-distance routes and is said to fly further than any other commercially known airplane.
The maximum seating capacity for 440 passengers and a wingspan of 212.43 feet (64.75 m) is available.
Qatar Airways, Cathay Pacific, Singapore Airlines, and Philippine Airlines mainly use this aircraft.
It has seven temperature ranges in the cabin to control the climate more precisely while one board.
It has a fuel efficiency better than some other passenger airplanes since they made it from plastic components, which make it 25 percent lighter than some of the older models.

6. Boeing 777-200LR

The C-market model 777-200LR (Long-Range) is one of the long range commercial airlines to enter service in 2006.
The -200LR was engineered for ultra-long-haul routes like Los Angeles to Singapore.
Boeing 777-200LR holds the world record as the longest nonstop flight by a commercial airliner.
It can accommodate 400 passengers in the two-class system, and its single-class system can max accommodate 440 exit limit.
It has a wingspan of 212 feet 7 inches.
JGE90-110B1 or GE90-115B turbofans Jet engines are used to power -200LR.
With each ten operating aircraft, Delta Air Lines and Emirates are the primary operators of the LR version.

5. Airbus A340-600

The Airbus A340-600 is a super-stretch version of the A340 aircraft family, the largest of the Airbus jetliners.
It has a capacity of 380 (or 475 in high-density seats) with a 13,900 km travel range and is among the world’s largest passenger aircraft.
The first flight of the A340 was carried out in a 2000-hour test flight with six airliners on 21 October 1991.
A340 received its EASA Aircraft type certificate in June 2002, and the maiden flight took place on 23 April 2001.
It launched in August 2002 when it took its first commercial flight from London Heathrow to JFK New York with Virgin Atlantic Airports (ordered 20 aircraft as the first customer).
This plane has 247 miles length and a 208-foot wingspan.
The A340-600 is powered by four Rolls-Royce Turbofans of 250 kN (56,000 lb-f) and uses Honeywell 331–600 [A] APU.

4. Boeing 777-300

Boeing 777-300 has a capacity for 550 people in a single class cabin and 451 double class configuration.
The maximum route range is 6,013 miles and can achieve high speeds at 590 mph.
The Boeing 777-300 is known as the 777-300 Stretched version because it has a total length of 242 feet, which is 33.25 ft extra lengthier from earlier versions.
Boeing designed this largest passenger plane to extend by 20% resulting in 60 extra seats, 75 to 451 in a two-class configuration (economy & business class), or total capacity 550 in an all-economy class.

3. Boeing 747-400

The Boeing 747-400 jet airliner series is the best-selling model of Boeing.
The massive-body biggest commercial plane was built from one of the earlier 747s.
Airlines can accommodate 416 passengers in their three-class configuration, 524 in their two-class cabins, and 660 in their all-economy configuration.
Boeing 747-400 has a length of 232 ft. and wingspan is 211 feet.
Even though with an enormous body, 747 can achieve top speeds of up to 614 mph and travel range up to 7,260 miles, which is impressive considering its size.
The Pratt & Whitney PW4056, the General-Electric CF6-80C2B1F, and the Rolls-Royce RB211-524G/H are the new jet engines powering it.
There is a high-density seating model named 747-400D, developed for Japanese domestic short-haul flights with higher volumes.

2. Boeing 747-8

The Boeing 747 is undoubtedly a leading airplane when it comes to commercial aviation icons.
747-8 is a wide-body airliner manufactured by Boeing Commercial airlines in the United States.
It has been designed with its double-deck configuration with a broad body fuselage and has overshadowed all commercial passenger jets.
The design has been improved, and extended over the years, the capacity of this jumbo jet increased steadily.
Airbus A380 aircraft is bigger than 747, but in terms of technology, Boeing is ahead of its European counterpart.
When using a single-class system, the Boeing 747-8 can accommodate 700 passengers and 600 passengers for the double-class system.
The travel range of the aircraft is 8,000 miles. The 747-8 was the first lengthy 747 to be made and the second 747 version, after the shortened 747 SP to have a fuselage of tweaked length.
The 747-8 was intended to use the same technology as 787, including the GEnx turbofan and partial fly-by-wire engine and cockpit.
747-8 is by far considering a good deal of metrics, the latest version of the Boeing 747 family.
It was commissioned in 2011 only nine years ago, and Boeing received over 150 orders of this version.
747 has two variants; 747-8I (intercontinental) and 747-8F (Freighter).
The 747-8I can carry 51 more passengers and two more freight pallets and can carry up to 467 passengers in a typical three-class configuration.
The Freighter version with an upper deck shorter is capable of carrying 137 tons (302,000 lb).
It’s also 23 t lighter than intercontinental with an Operating empty weight (OEM) 197.13 t.

1. Airbus A380-800

Airbus A380 is the biggest passenger plane in the world, a wide-body airliner manufactured by Airbus.
When the Airbus A380 was launched in 2007, it created hype among the public.
Airbus intended this Gargantuan aircraft to take everything from the Boeing 747 to the boundaries of modern engineering.
Airbus announced to size up the production facilities and supply chain for a380s production (four per month).
For its sheer size, international media dubbed it as the super-jumbo jet.
A standard Airbus A380-800 Emirates can hold up to 853 passengers in a single class economy cabin and 644 passengers in a two-tier cabin class cabin.
The wide-body aircraft can travel 8000 miles distance, as it took its maiden flight on April 27, 2005.
It can cruise 43,100 meters above sea level, with a maximum range of 8208 miles at that height.
The Rolls-Royce Trent 900 (A380-841/-842) or the Engine Alliance GP7000 (A380-861) turbofan engine powers A380.
It is also, and understandably so, the world’s heaviest passenger airplane (MTOW: 575 t) and surprisingly among the fastest (max design speed: 1185 km/h).
Qantas A380’s first-class Lounge, with its classy Airbus A380 interior, is consistently rated amongst the most luxurious lounges in the world.

Speaking about its commercial success, a decade later, the market for A380 is very different.
What a game-changing aircraft was meant is now, struggling to survive.
The A380 is one of the most costly and complicated aircraft ever built with a price tag of $436 million.
On 14 February 2019, Airbus announced to end its production by 2021, when Emirates Airlines decreased its last orders in favor of the A350 and A330neo.
China Southern Airlines, Malaysia Airlines, British Airways, Air France, Etihad Airways, Korean Air, Asiana Airlines, etc. are some A380’s valuable customers.
At the Paris Air Show 2017, Airbus launched the A380Plus.
The PLUS is an improved version of the A380 with increased capacity and reduction of passenger costs.
Without changing its operating properties, Airbus has tweaked other aspects of a standard A380-800.
Although the A380 has a certificate that it can fly with about 850 passengers, it usually has 497 passengers on the aircraft.
This capacity in plus is increased to 575 seats by the retrofitted interior of the A380plus.